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Book Review: Jacob’s Ladder: On Angels by Sergius Bulgakov

Sergius Bulgakov’s Jacob’s Ladder: On Angels, translated by Thomas Allan Smith, is a profound theological exploration into the nature of angels, the divine hierarchy, and their role in the broader cosmos. Bulgakov, a Russian Orthodox theologian known for his deep metaphysical and mystical approach, draws from Scripture, Patristic writings, and his own speculative theology to offer an intricate study of angelology.

A Glimpse into the Heavenly Ladder

The title, Jacob’s Ladder, draws immediate attention to the biblical account of Jacob’s dream in Genesis, where angels ascend and descend from heaven. Bulgakov uses this imagery as a metaphor for the interaction between the celestial and earthly realms, focusing not just on angels as abstract beings but as participants in God’s salvific plan for humanity.

Bulgakov’s angels are not distant, unrelatable figures but dynamic participants in the unfolding of divine providence. He stresses that angels, far from being merely decorative beings in Christian thought, have an active role in maintaining the cosmic order, aiding in human salvation, and mediating divine grace.

Theological Depth

What stands out in Bulgakov’s treatment is his integration of traditional Christian theology with his own insights into divine wisdom (Sophia) and how this wisdom permeates all of creation, including the angelic hosts. The book serves as a reminder of the interconnectedness of all things—angels, humans, and the divine—within the vast economy of salvation.

Bulgakov’s work is not for those seeking a light read; his style is often dense, with complex theological concepts that require careful contemplation. His reflections on the nature of angels touch on themes of eternity, time, and the very structure of the universe as seen through the lens of Orthodox Christian theology.

Translator’s Contribution

Thomas Allan Smith’s translation is fluid and faithful to Bulgakov’s rich, poetic prose. The translator’s introduction helps to orient the reader, providing essential context to Bulgakov’s life and thought. Smith ensures that Bulgakov’s mystical language and dense philosophical discussions retain their clarity without sacrificing the original meaning.

Who Should Read This?

Jacob’s Ladder: On Angels will appeal most to readers with an interest in Christian mysticism, angelology, or those familiar with Eastern Orthodox theology. Bulgakov’s thought can sometimes be challenging to grasp, but for those willing to engage with it, the book offers a deeply rewarding meditation on the place of angels in the Christian worldview and their relationship to both the divine and human worlds.

Final Thoughts

This book reaffirms Sergius Bulgakov as one of the most significant modern theologians of the 20th century, offering a unique and enriching perspective on the mystery of angels. Jacob’s Ladder: On Angels provides a beautiful, spiritually enriching exploration of one of the more neglected areas of Christian theology, making it a significant contribution to both theological study and spiritual reflection.